Gu'gii sanadkan, dadka Maraykanku waxay ka buuxan fikrado ku saabsan warshadahooda chip.Bishii Maarso, qashin-qubka iyo cagaf-cagaf ayaa laga dhisayay degmada Lijin, Ohio, ee dalka Mareykanka, halkaas oo mustaqbalka laga dhisi doono warshad-chip.Intel waxay halkaas ka dhisi doontaa laba warshadood oo "wafer" ah, oo ay ku kacayso ilaa 20 bilyan oo doolar.Khudbadiisii Gobolka, Madaxweyne Biden wuxuu ku sheegay in dhulkani yahay "dhul riyooyin".Waxa uu ku nuux-nuuxsaday in tani ay tahay "dhabarka u ah mustaqbalka Maraykanka".
Xaaladda faafa ee sannadihii la soo dhaafay waxay caddeeyeen muhiimadda ay chips u leedahay nolosha casriga ah.Baahida tignoolajiyada kala duwan ee loo yaqaan chip-ka ayaa wali kor u sii kacaysa, tignoolajiyadan ayaa maanta inta badan laga isticmaalaa.Koongareeska Maraykanku waxa uu tixgalinayaa hindise sharciyeedka, kaas oo ballan-qaaday in uu bixinayo US $52 bilyan oo kab ah warshadaha gudaha si loo dhimo ku-tiirsanaanta Maraykanku ku leeyahay warshadaha shisheeyaha iyo mashaariicda taageerada sida warshadda Intel ee Ohio.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, lix bilood ka dib, riyooyinkani waxay u ekaayeen riyooyin qarow.Baahida silikon waxay u muuqataa inay hoos u dhacayso sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay u kortay inta lagu jiro cudurka.
Micron Technologies Chip Factory
Sida laga soo xigtay mareegaha The Economist Oktoobar 17, dhammaadka Sebtembar, iibka saddex biloodlaha ah ee Micron Technologies, soo saaraha qalabka xusuusta ee xarunteedu tahay Idaho, ayaa hoos u dhacay 20% sannadkiiba.Toddobaad ka dib, shirkadda naqshadeynta chip California Chaowei Semiconductor ayaa hoos u dhigtay saadaasha iibka rubuci saddexaad 16%.Bloomberg ayaa sheegtay in Intel ay soo saartay warbixinteedii ugu dambeysay ee saddex biloodlaha ah Oktoobar 27. Natiijooyin xun oo isdaba joog ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay sii socdaan, ka dibna shirkaddu waxay qorsheyneysaa inay shaqada ka joojiso kumanaan shaqaale ah.Tan iyo bishii Luulyo, ilaa 30 ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu waaweyn ee Chip ee Maraykanka ayaa hoos u dhigay saadaasha dakhligooda rubuci saddexaad ee $99 bilyan ilaa $88 bilyan.Ilaa hadda sanadkan, wadarta qiimaha suuqa ee shirkadaha semiconductor ee ku taxan Maraykanka ayaa hoos u dhacay in ka badan 1.5 tiriliyan dollar.
Sida laga soo xigtay warbixinta, warshadaha chips sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin xilliyeedka waqtiga ugu fiican: waxay qaadan doontaa dhowr sano si loo dhiso awood cusub si loo daboolo baahida sii kordheysa, ka dibna baahida ma noqon doonto mid cad oo kulul.Dalka Maraykanka, dawladdu waxa ay horumarinaysaa wareeggan.Ilaa hadda, warshadaha alaabada macmiisha ayaa dareemaya waxa ugu xoogan ee ku saabsan hoos u dhaca meertada ah.Kumbuyuutarrada gaarka ah iyo talefannada casriga ah waxay ku xisaabtamaan ku dhawaad kala badh $600 bilyan ee iibka chip-ka sannadkii.Xad-dhaafka xad-dhaafka ah ee inta lagu jiro faafitaanka, macaamiisha uu saameeyay sicir-bararka ayaa iibsanaya alaabada elegtarooniga ah oo sii yaraanaysa.Gartner ayaa rajaynaya in iibka talefanka gacanta uu hoos u dhaco 6% sanadkan, halka iibka kombuyuutarku hoos u dhici doono 10%.Bishii Febraayo ee sanadkan, Intel waxay u sheegtay maalgashadayaasha inay rajaynayso in baahida kombuyuutarrada shakhsi ahaaneed ay si joogto ah u koraan shanta sano ee soo socota.Si kastaba ha noqotee, way iska caddahay in iibsiyo badan intii lagu jiray faafitaanka COVID-19 la horumariyay, shirkadaha noocaas ahna ay hagaajinayaan rajooyinkooda.
Falanqeeyeyaal badan ayaa aaminsan in dhibaatada soo socota ay ku faafto meelo kale.Iibsiga argagaxa leh ee lagu jiro yaraanta chip-ka caalamiga ah ee sannadkii hore ayaa keentay kayd silikoon oo xad dhaaf ah warshado badan oo baabuurta ah iyo kuwa soo saara qalabka ganacsiga.Cilmi-baadhista Waddada Cusub waxay ku qiyaastay in laga bilaabo Abriil ilaa Juunyo, iibka la midka ah ee alaabada chip-ka ee ganacsiyada warshadaha uu 40% ka sarreeyay heerkii ugu sarreeyay ee taariikheed.Sameeyayaasha kombuyuutarrada iyo shirkadaha baabuurta ayaa sidoo kale si fiican u kaydsan.Intel Corporation iyo Micron Technologies waxay qayb ka mid ah waxqabadkii daciifka ahaa ee dhawaa u nisbeeyeen alaabooyin sare.
Baahida xad dhaafka ah iyo baahida liidata ayaa durba saameynaysa qiimaha.Marka loo eego xogta mustaqbalka Vision, qiimaha chips-ka xusuusta ayaa hoos u dhacay laba meelood shan meelood sanadkii la soo dhaafay.Qiimaha chips-ka macquulka ah ee farsameeya xogta oo ka ganacsi yar marka loo eego chip-yada xusuusta ayaa hoos u dhacay 3% isla muddadaas.
Intaa waxaa dheer, joornaalka Wall Street ee Maraykanka ayaa sheegay in Maraykanku uu si weyn u maalgeliyay beerta chip-ka, laakiin dunidu waxay horay u hirgelisay dhiirigelinta wax soo saarka chips meel kasta, taas oo sidoo kale ka dhigaysa dadaalka Maraykanka inay u badan tahay inay noqdaan miraag.Kuuriyada Koonfureed waxay leedahay dhiirigelin taxane ah oo xooggan si ay u dhiirigeliso maalgashiga chip ee ku saabsan 260 bilyan oo doolar shanta sano ee soo socota.Japan waxa ay maalgashanaysaa ilaa $6 bilyan si ay u laba jibaarto dakhligeeda chip dhamaadka tobanka sano.
Dhab ahaantii, Ururka Warshadaha Semiconductor American, oo ah koox ganacsi oo warshadeed, ayaa sidoo kale aqoonsaday in ku dhawaad seddex meelood meel awoodda wax-soo-saarka chip-ka adduunka hadda lagu qaybiyo Aasiya.Maraykanku waxa uu ku xisaabtamay boqolkiiba 13 keliya.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-03-2022