[Warbixin dhammaystiran oo Global Times] "Habka Maraykanku waa 'cilmiga sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada' caadiga ah."Marka la eego codsiga dawladda Mareykanka ee ah in labada shirkadood ee nashqadeynta chip-ka Mareykanka ay joojiyaan dhoofinta chips-yada heerka sare ah ee Shiinaha, afhayeenka Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibadda Shiinaha Wang Wenbin wuxuu yiri Sebtembar 1-dii "Shiinuhu si adag ayuu uga soo horjeedaa."Qiimaha saamiyada NVIDIA iyo AMD, oo ay si toos ah u saameeyeen xannibaadaha cusub ee Maraykanka, ayaa hoos u dhacay jawaabta.Ogosto 31, waxay hoos u dhaceen 6.6% iyo 3.7% siday u kala horreeyaan.NVIDIA waxay sheegtay in iibkeeda suurtagalka ah ee $ 400 ee rubuci this laga yaabo inay uumi baxdo.Hadda, hawlgalka soosaarayaasha chip American waxay ku jiraan xilli adag.Sida Shu jueting, afhayeenka Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Shiinaha, uu sheegay, habka Maraykanku wuxuu sidoo kale si dhab ah u saameyn doonaa danaha ganacsiyadayada.In muddo ah, Mareykanka ayaa si isdaba joog ah u soo bandhigay tallaabooyin lagu xakameynayo horumarinta warshadaha Shiinaha.Tallaabooyinka xaddidan ee ugu dambeeyay, Reuters waxay aaminsan tahay inay "calaamad u tahay hagaajinta weyn ee weerarka Mareykanka ee awoodda tignoolajiyada Shiinaha".Falanqeeye gudaha ah oo la wareystay waqtiyada caalamiga ah 1-aad ayaa sheegay in dhinaca kale, waxaan u baahannahay inaan ka feejignaano in Maraykanku uu sii wadi doono "feer isku dhafan" oo ka dhan ah warshadaha semiconductor ee Shiinaha, laakiin dhinaca kale, dhoofinta Maraykanka mamnuucidda sidoo kale waa fursad lagu horumarinayo horumarinta dheeraadka ah ee silsiladda warshadaha ee chip-ka gudaha, kaas oo leh isdhexgalka ku filan ee u dhexeeya kor iyo hoos.
NVIDIA si adag ayaa loo garaacay oo waxay sheegtay inay la xiriirtay macaamiisha Shiinaha
Sida laga soo xigtay website-ka CNBC ee Maraykanka ayaa sheegay Sebtembar 1, dukumeenti loo gudbiyay US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), NVIDIA waxay sheegtay inay heshay codsi cusub oo ogolaansho ah oo ka yimid dawladda Maraykanka Ogosto 26 si loogu dhoofiyo mustaqbalka Chips to China (oo ay ku jirto Hong Kong).Cabirkan ayaa la sheegay in lagu xalinayo khatarta alaabada la xidhiidha loo isticmaalo ama loo weeciyo Shiinaha "isticmaalka dhamaadka militariga" ama "isticmaalka militariga".
31-kii Ogosto, New York Times ayaa soo xigtay NVIDIA iyadoo sheegtay in tallaabooyinka cusub ay saameyn doonaan wax soo saarka shirkadda ee A100 iyo badeecada H100 ee la filayo in la soo saaro dhammaadka sanadkan.NVIDIA waxay aaminsan tahay in shuruucda dawladda Maraykanku ay dhaawici karto awoodda ay ku dhamaystirto horumarinta H100 waqtigeeda ama taageerto macaamiisha jira ee A100.Waxaa lagu soo waramayaa in xannibaaddani ay sidoo kale khuseyso Ruushka, laakiin NVIDIA kama iibiso Ruushka hadda.
Afhayeen u hadlay AMD ayaa u sheegay wakaaladda wararka ee Reuters in shirkaddu ay sidoo kale ka heshay codsi oggolaansho cusub oo ka timid dowladda, taasoo u horseedi doonta inay joojiso iibinta mi250 chips sirdoon macmal ah oo ay ka iibinayso Shiinaha.Amd wuxuu aaminsan yahay in mi100 chip aan la taaban karin.
Wakaaladda wararka ee Reuters ayaa sheegtay in wasaaradda ganacsiga ee Mareykanka aysan shaacin doonin heerarka cusub ee ay u dejisay dhoofinta Chips-ka Shiinaha, balse waxay sheegtay in wasaaraddu ay dib u eegis ku sameyneyso siyaasadaha iyo dhaqamada Shiinaha la xiriira si looga hortago “teknoolojiyadda horumarsan inay ku dhacaan gacmaha aan habboonayn. dadka”.
Marka la eego tillaabooyinka cusub ee uu qaaday Mareykanka, afhayeenka Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibadda Shiinaha Wang Wenbin ayaa sheegay 1-dii Sebtembar in Mareykanka uu siyaasadeeyay, qalabeeyay oo hubeeyay sayniska, tignoolajiyada iyo arrimaha dhaqaalaha iyo ganacsiga, oo ku hawlan " xannibaad farsamo" iyo "kala-goynta tignoolajiyada ”, waxay si aan micne lahayn isugu dayeen inay keli ku noqoto sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada horumarsan ee adduunka, oo ay ilaaliso haybaddeeda cilmiyeed iyo tignoolajiyadeed, oo ay wiiqdo silsiladda warshadaha iyo sahayda wada shaqaynta dhow ee adduunka, taas oo u muuqata inay fashilantay.
"Dhinaca Maraykanku waa in uu si degdeg ah u joojiyo dhaqamadiisa khaldan, oo uu ula dhaqmo ganacsiyada dhammaan dalalka si caddaalad ah, oo ay ku jiraan shirkadaha Shiinaha, oo ay sameeyaan wax badan si ay uga faa'iideystaan xasilloonida dhaqaalaha adduunka."Isla maalintaas waxa isna arrintan ka jawaabay Shu jueting oo ah afhayeenka wasaaradda ganacsiga ee Shiinaha.
Sida Shu jueting uu sheegay, habka Maraykanku ma dhaawici doono oo keliya xuquuqda sharciga ah iyo danaha shirkadaha Shiinaha, balse waxa uu si weyn u saamayn doonaa danaha shirkadaha Maraykanka.Jariidada Wall Street Journal ayaa 1-dii Sebtembar sheegtay in NVIDIA ay tahay shirkadda ugu qiimaha badan ee soo saarta Chip-ka ee dalka Mareykanka, isla markaana ay maamusho suuqa dhanka chips-yada sirdoonka macmalka ah.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, soo bandhigida qawaaniinta cusub ee Washington waxay ku soo beegantay wakhti adag soosaarayaasha chip.Sicir bararka ba'an iyo rajooyinka dhaqaale ee sii xumaanaya awgeed, waxaa la xakameeyay awoodda isticmaalka dadka, waxaana hoos u dhacay baahida loo qabo kumbuyuutarrada, ciyaaraha fiidiyowga, taleefannada casriga ah iyo aaladaha kale ee elektiroonigga ah.
NVIDIA ayaa bayaan ay soo saartay ku sheegtay inay la xiriireyso macaamiisha Shiinaha si ay u isticmaalaan alaabada kale ee shirkadda si ay u daboolaan baahidooda iibsi ee qorshaysan ama mustaqbalka.Shirkaddu waxay qorshaynaysaa inay ka codsato dawladda Maraykanka ka-dhaafitaanka dhoofinta ee khuseeya, laakiin ma jirto "dammaanad" in la ansixin doono.CNBC waxay sheegtay in haddii shirkadaha Shiinaha ay go'aansadaan inaysan iibsan alaabada kale ee ay bixiso NVIDIA, kan dambe wuxuu lumin doonaa $ 400 milyan oo iib ah rubuckan.NVIDIA usbuucii hore ayaa saadaalisay in iibka rubuci saddexaad ee sanadkan uu hoos u dhici doono 17% sanadka ilaa $5.9 bilyan.Sida lagu sheegay warbixinta maaliyadeed ee ay shirkaddu soo saartay, wadarta guud ee dakhliga sannadkii hore waxa uu ahaa 26.91 bilyan oo doolarka Maraykanka ah, dakhliga ka soo gala Shiinaha (oo ay ku jirto Hong Kong) wuxuu ahaa 7.11 bilyan oo doolarka Maraykanka ah, oo u dhiganta 26.4%.
Sida laga soo xigtay Wall Street Journal, NVIDIA waxay aaminsan tahay in xitaa haddii dawladda Maraykanku ay ogolaato ka-dhaafitaanka dhoofinta, tartamayaashu waxay ka faa'iideysan karaan, sida alaab-qeybiyeyaasha semiconductor ee Shiinaha, Israa'iil iyo waddamada Yurub, sababtoo ah "habka shatiga ayaa ka dhigi doona iibintayada iyo taageeradayada inay shaqeeyaan. aad u adag oo aan la hubin, oo ku dhiirigeli macaamiisha Shiinaha inay helaan beddelaadyo kale”.Amd waxay aaminsan tahay in xeerarka cusub aysan saameyn weyn ku yeelan doonin ganacsigeeda.
Tallaabadan cusub ee Washington ayaa sidoo kale soo jiidatay indhaha warbaahinta jasiiradda.NVIDIA iyo AMD waa 10-ka macaamiil ee ugu sarreeya TSMC, iyaga oo xisaabiya ilaa 10% dakhligeeda.Haddii shixnadooda chip ay hoos u dhacdo, waxay sidoo kale saameyn doontaa waxqabadka TSMC, Taiwan Zhongshi News ayaa werisay 1st.Sida lagu sheegay warbixinta, oo ay saamaysay hoos u dhaca saamiyada Maraykanka iyo soo-bandhigidda degdega ah ee xayiraadaha dhoofinta sirdoonka macmalka ah ee chips-dhamaadka sare ee Maraykanka, kaydka Taiwan ayaa furmay hoos u dhaca oo hoos u dhacay 1st.Dhamaadkii, waxay "ku dhaceen" ku dhawaad 300 dhibcood, iyo TSMC qiimihiisu wuxuu hoos uga dhacay NT $500 ganacsigii hore.
Dejinta "xaddiga waxqabadka" ee chips loo dhoofiyo Shiinaha?
Maamule warshadeed oo uu wareystay Wall Street Journal ayaa falanqeeyay in mamnuuciddu aysan saameynaynin NVIDIA iyo AMD oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale waxay dejisaa "xaddiga waxqabadka" ee chips-yada kale ee dhamaadka-sare ee la tacaalaya xisaabinta sirdoonka macmalka ah ee loo dhoofinayo Shiinaha.Marka loo eego Reuters, xannibaadaha dhoofinta chip-ka cusub "waxay calaamad u tahay casriyeynta weyn ee weerarka Mareykanka ee awoodda tignoolajiyada Shiinaha".
New York Times ayaa aaminsan in tallaabooyinka cusub ee ka dhanka ah Shiinaha iyo Ruushka ay yihiin isku daygii ugu dambeeyay ee dowladda Mareykanka ay ku doonayso in ay u isticmaasho semiconductors qalab si ay uga hor istaagto tartamayaasha in ay horumar ka sameeyaan kombuyuutarrada waxqabadka sare leh, sirdoonka macmal ah iyo dhinacyo kale.Mamnuucidda dhoofinta waa qayb ka mid ah dadaalka Mareykanka iyo Shiinaha si ay ugu tartamaan booska hormuudka ah ee tignoolajiyada horumarsan.
Waxaa la sheegay in A100, H100 iyo mi250 chips ay yihiin dhammaan agabka GPU (processor-ka garaafyada).Goobta xirfadeed, GPU waa isha muhiimka ah ee awoodda xisaabinta ee goobaha xarumaha xogta, kombiyuutarada waxqabadka sare leh iyo sirdoonka macmal.Reuters ayaa sheegtay in haddii aan la heli karin chips-dhamaadka sare ee shirkadaha Maraykanka sida NVIDIA iyo AMD, awoodda shirkadaha Shiinaha si ay u fuliyaan hawlaha nidaamka sare sida sawirka iyo codka aqoonsiga waa la wiiqi doonaa.Aqoonsiga sawirka iyo habaynta luqadda dabiiciga ah ayaa ku badan arjiyada taleefannada casriga ah, sida ka jawaabista su'aalaha isticmaalaha iyo calaamadaynta sawirrada.Hawlahani waxay sidoo kale leeyihiin codsiyo milatari, sida raadinta sawirada dayax-gacmeedka oo ay ku jiraan hub ama saldhigyo milatari, iyo shaandhaynta macluumaadka isgaarsiinta dhijitaalka ah ee ururinta sirta.
Waxay sidoo kale fursad u tahay Shiinaha
Sida uu qoray wargeyska Wall Street Journal, waxa caadi noqotay in Maraykanku uu xayiraad ku soo rogo ganacsiga Shiinaha iyo dhoofinta chips-ka.Bartamihii Ogosto, Maraykanku wuxuu ku dhawaaqay xakamaynta dhoofinta afar tignoolajiyada, oo ay ku jiraan qalabka software EDA.Xeerka Chip iyo Sayniska ee 2022 ee uu saxeexay Madaxweynaha Maraykanka Biden 9-kii Ogosto ayaa dhigaya in shirkadaha hela kabitaanka federaalku aanay si weyn u kordhin karin wax-soo-saarka chips-yada “habka horumarsan” ee Shiinaha (guud ahaan loo tixgeliyo in lagu tixraaco jajabyada ka hooseeya 28nm).Intaa waxaa dheer, warbaahinta Mareykanka ayaa shaaca ka qaaday dhamaadkii bishii Luulyo in laba shirkadood oo qalabka Chip-ka ah ee Mareykanka ay xaqiijiyeen in Washington ay ka codsatay inaysan Shiinaha u keenin qalabka wax soo saarka ee 14 nm iyo wixii ka hooseeya.
Gu Wenjun, oo ah madaxa falanqeeyaha la-talinta SMIC, ayaa u sheegay waqtiyada caalamiga ah 1-aad in iyada oo la soo bandhigayo tallaabooyin xaddidan oo isdaba-joog ah, Maraykanku uu doonayo inuu xakameeyo horumarinta xiriirka sare ee Shiinaha ee dhinaca sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada.Markii hore, waxay cunaqabatayn saartay Huawei iyo ZTE qaybta terminalka, ka dibna waxay bartilmaameedsatay Hisilicon goobta naqshadaynta chip iyo SMIC ee goobta soo saarista chips.Gu Wenjun wuxuu sheegay in muddada gaaban, Maraykanku uu rajeynayo inuu "kala saaro" oo "jebiyo silsiladda" Shiinaha ee qaybta farsamada sare ee chips.Muddada dhexe iyo tan fogba, Maraykanku waxa uu rajaynaya in isaga iyo xulafadiisu aanay aad ugu tiirsanayn suuqa Shiinaha oo ay hoos u dhigaan is-weydaarsiga wax-soo-saarka ee Shiinaha.
Xayiraadaha chip-ka Mareykanka ma joojin karaan horumarka warshadaha semiconductor ee Shiinaha.Wakaaladda wararka dayax-gacmeedka ee Ruushka ayaa soo xigtay culimada in warshadaha semiconductor ee hadda, oo ay ku jiraan Shiinaha, tignoolajiyada geeddi-socodka 28nm ayaa wali saldhig u ah warshado badan si ay u ilaaliyaan faa'iidada iyo ka qayb qaadashada cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada sare ee semiconductor.Tiknoolajiyada ugu horumarsan ee chip runtii waa mid aad waxtar u leh, laakiin wali waxay ku xisaabtamaysaa qayb hoose oo ka mid ah warshadaha semiconductor oo dhan.Marka la eego haddii tillaabooyinka xaddidan ee Maraykanku ay saameyn dheer ku yeelan doonaan Shiinaha, waxay kuxirantahay horumarinta wax soo saarka iyo naqshadeynta warshadaha semiconductor ee dambe.10 ilaa 20 sano gudahood, horumarinta warshaduhu waa inay isbedelaan oo teknoolajiyada cusub ayaa laga yaabaa inay soo baxaan.
"Marka dhanka kale laga eego, mamnuucidda dhoofinta ee Mareykanka waxay sidoo kale fursad u tahay warshadaha chip-ka gudaha.Markii hore, waxaa jiray is-dhexgal aan ku filneyn oo u dhexeeya shirkadaha kor iyo hoosba ee silsiladda warshadaha gudaha, laakiin mustaqbalka, waxaan sii xoojin doonaa beddelka gudaha."Han Xiaomin, maareeyaha guud ee la talinta Jiwei, ayaa u sheegay waqtiyada caalamiga ah in shirkadaha silsiladaha warshadaha ee gudaha ay tahay in ay ku saleeyaan suuqa gudaha, si tartiib tartiib ah u dhistaan nidaamka deegaanka silsiladda warshadaha chip oo dhamaystiran, oo ay wanaajiyaan awoodda ka hortagga khatarta warshadaha, tartanka iyo saameynta caalamiga ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-02-2022